In most cases, the first sign of penile cancer are changes in color, skin thickening, or a build-up of tissue. Sometimes the cancers appear as a reddish, velvety rash, small crusty bumps, or flat growths that are bluish-brown. A persistent discharge, usually with a foul odor, may be present beneath the foreskin.

Later signs include a painless ulcer or growth on the penis, especially on the glans (the head of the penis) or foreskin, but sometimes on the shaft. Most penile cancers do not cause pain, but some can cause ulcers (sores) and bleeding.

If the cancer spreads from the penis, it most often travels to lymph nodes in the groin. If cancer has progressed to a more advanced stage, the lymph nodes in your groin may be swollen. Swollen lymph nodes in the groin area can be caused by other conditions, so if you have any of these signs or symptoms, see your doctor right away. The sooner you receive a correct diagnosis, the sooner you can start treatment and the more effective your treatment will be.