Surgery is the most common treatment for all stages of penile cancer. The surgeon may use one of several types of surgery to remove the cancer (a small amount of healthy tissue around the cancerous area is generally also removed to be sure all of the cancer is gone). The surgeon may also remove lymph nodes in the groin to be sure the cancer hasn’t spread.

Radiation therapy or chemotherapy may also be used after surgery. A relatively new type of treatment, biological therapy (also known as immunotherapy), may be used for very early-stage penile cancer, in the form of a topical treatment.