Health Topic 

Varicoceles are a dilation of the veins that drain the testis and are very common. In fact, they are the most common cause for male factor subfertility, accounting for up to 40 percent of cases. However, they are found in nearly 15 percent of all men, and do not always lead to fertility problems. Therefore, not all varicoceles require treatment. However, most doctors recommend treatment of varicoceles in the event of male factor subfertility. Although they do not represent a health risk, they can lead to deterioration of fertility over time.

Varicoceles are thought to cause problems with sperm’s formation by raising the temperature in the testes and repair of varicocele will stop any further damage to testicular hormone function and in a large percentage of men, result in improved spermatogenesis (sperm formation), as well as enhanced Leydig cell function.

Treatment consists of either radiologic ablation or surgical ligation. The surgery is typically performed on an outpatient basis and consists of a small incision just below the groin. Time to recovery varies, but most men are able to go back to work within three to four days, and resume full activity within seven to 10 days, other than heavy lifting, which should be avoided for three weeks.

Laparoscopy can also be used in men to repair varicoceles successfully.

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