Agent

Dose

Toxicity

b- agonists:

Albuterol

(aerosol)

0.2 mg/kg in 1.5 ml NS q 4 h

can increase to 0.5 mg/kg

Increased HR, Agitation

Isoproterenol

0.1% aerosol q 4-6 h

(1:200 solution in 2 ml of 0.45 NS)

Increased HR, Agitation

Methylxanthines:

*Theophylline

5-7 mg/kg load followed by 2-4 mg/kg q8-12h. Metabolism varies with age^*

Increased HR, irritability, arrhythmia, seizures Therapeutic levels (peak): 10 - 20 mg/L

Caffeine

10 mg/kg load followed by 2.5 mg/kg/day q 12 h PO, IV (Davis, 1986)

Increased HR, irritability, arrhythmia, seizures