Aging: physical changes

We all change physically, as we grow older. Many of our changes are caused not by the aging process but by disease, the environment, and lifestyle. The good news is those physical changes occurring from these factors can be prevented or slowed down by taking action now.

People who live an inactive lifestyle lose muscle mass and flexibility as they age. However, older adults can keep their muscles strong and improve their health by exercising and keeping active on a regular basis. Yoga, tai chi, water exercises, and daily stretching are some activities that improve flexibility. A healthcare provider should be consulted before starting a new exercise program.

Skin changes with age. It grows thinner, takes longer to heal when injured, gets wrinkles, and loses some of its elastic quality. Many changes to the skin that seem to be from aging are actually changes caused by damage from over-exposure to the sun. Wearing a 30 SPF or higher sunscreen now can help prevent skin damage and problems later in life. Use lipstick or other lip protections that have sunscreens, too.

Subtle changes in vision and hearing usually are a part of aging. As we age, our vision may slowly decrease. Glasses, or possibly surgery, can often correct the cause for this. Hearing loss may develop gradually and often goes untreated. It is important to have vision and hearing evaluated each year.

As the body changes, medications may need to be adjusted and alcohol intake limited to no more than 1 drink per day. As we age, these substances stay in our system longer. Alcohol also has a more rapid effect on the body than when we were younger.

A person's response time slows with age. To some extent, this is normal. When people stay both physically and mentally active, reaction time changes at a slower rate. This helps maintain independent functioning, such as driving.

Making changes now to a healthier lifestyle can minimize the changes that occur with aging.

Last Reviewed 2005

Disclaimer: This content is reviewed periodically and is subject to change as new health information becomes available. The information provided is intended to be informative and educational and is not a replacement for professional medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or treatment by a healthcare professional.

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