Arthritis: rheumatoid

Rheumatoid arthritis is a disease that affects not only joints, but may also affect the heart, lungs, and eyes. This disease is very painful. flare-ups are frequent and long lasting. The initial area of attack is the membrane that lines the joint. Cartilage is the joint's cushion that covers the ends of bones allowing free movement. Over time, arthritis breaks down cartilage as well as the ligaments, muscles, and bones.

Rheumatoid arthritis causes generalized stiffness and aching. It tends to affect more than one joint. Smaller joints such as the wrists, hands, feet, or ankles are the most common sites for this condition. The hips, knees, or elbows may also suffer. Many joints can be affected at the same time. It is common to have the disease in both feet or both hands at the same time.

Primary symptoms include swelling and pain in the smaller joints of the hands and feet. Generalized aching or stiffness occurs, especially after sleeping or lack of use. The affected joints are swollen, painful, and warm to touch during flare-ups. Other symptoms may include:

• loss of appetite
• fever
• loss of energy
• anemia and
• sometimes rheumatoid nodules, which are lumps of tissue under the skin (These nodules occur in areas that receive pressure, like the back of the elbow.)

Rheumatoid arthritis is often a chronic problem that can result in progressive joint destruction, deformity, and disability. The disease can occur at any age. It is more likely to develop between ages 20 and 50 years. Women are affected 3 times more often than men.

Treatment focuses on relieving pain and improving joint function. A wide range of drugs and procedures are available. This includes a balance of rest and exercise. Exercise is regular, gentle, and progressive. It may include physical therapy and swimming. Surgery can be used to prevent or repair damage.

If you are having symptoms of arthritis see your healthcare provider for a proper evaluation, diagnosis, and a treatment plan. Become involved with the plan, ask questions, become a part of the treatment for it involves you.

Last Reviewed 2005

Disclaimer: This content is reviewed periodically and is subject to change as new health information becomes available. The information provided is intended to be informative and educational and is not a replacement for professional medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or treatment by a healthcare professional.

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