Health Topics for Bones, Joints and Muscles

Bone and Muscle Cancer

Department of Orthopaedics

Sports Related Injuries

Rheumatology Clinic

Pediatrics Rheumatology

UI Spine Center

Knee replacement

Joint replacements have become much more common. When a joint is replaced, part or all of the joint is removed during surgery and a new artificial joint is put in. This new joint is called a prosthesis. Artificial joints are made from high-strength plastic or metal or a combination of both. Knee joints can be successfully replaced.The knee joint is replaced more often than any other joint.

The knee joint is made up of the 2 main leg bones, the thighbone and shinbone, and is protected by the kneecap. The lower end of the thigh bone and the top end of the shin bone are generally replaced. Sometimes, the back of the knee cap will be replaced.

Most people who need knee replacement surgery have had severe pain that does not get better with medications or physical therapy. Some may have rheumatoid arthritis. Often the person is not able to walk or can only walk a short distance with help.

Knee replacement is major surgery and is done by an orthopedic surgeon (a bone specialist). Physical therapy is an important part of the recovery process. Physical therapy may start before surgery with learning how to use crutches. Special exercises to do after surgery may also be shown. Physical therapy may last during the hospital stay. Exercise should continue to be done, even at home after the surgery.

Often after surgery a continuous passive motion (CPM) machine will be used to keep the knee moving. The machine may continue to be used at home after the surgery.

Knee replacement surgery has few complications. After surgery, a very few people may get an infection. If there are signs of infection, the surgeon should be called. These symptoms may include:

• pain that gets worse after 24 hours
• swelling and redness of the incision
• foul smelling drainage coming from the incision or
• a fever over 100 degrees Fahrenheit (37.8 degrees Centigrade)

Full recovery is expected. The surgery relieves pain for people. Most people are able to walk and get around well within a few months. Later there may be wear and tear on the new prosthesis or possibly loosening of the prosthesis.

Last Reviewed 2005

Disclaimer: This content is reviewed periodically and is subject to change as new health information becomes available. The information provided is intended to be informative and educational and is not a replacement for professional medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or treatment by a healthcare professional.

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