Tension headaches usually begin with a dull, aching pain on both sides of the head that gradually increases in severity. A tension headache is often described as, "My head feels like it is in a vise." The pain is usually worse at the back of the head. Tension headaches may recur for many days on end and are often triggered by stress, fatigue, or noise.
These headaches are quite common. It is not easy to determine just what causes them in any one person. Muscle tension plays a role, as do the day-to-day pressures of life. Researchers now believe changes in the levels of certain chemicals in the brain can cause tension headaches.
Tension headaches may be triggered by:
- tiredness or fatigue
- eating too little or too much
- work stress
- eyestrain
- poor posture
- noise
- lack of exercise
- major life changes
- depression or anxiety or
- injury, such as a car accident
Over-the-counter medicines may be used to relieve the pain, however, carefully review the label directions and precautions for other health considerations before taking these medications. Contact your physician before taking any pain relievers if you have high blood pressure.
It is important to relieve tension and remove the stressors from your life. If simple self-care measures do not help, a healthcare provider can prescribe a medication that may help control the pain associated with a tension headache. Unusually severe headaches, or headaches associated with changes in nerve or muscle function, should be evaluated right away.
Self-care to prevent and relieve muscle-tension headaches:
- identify and avoid those things that cause you stress
- rest in a quiet setting until symptoms improve
- avoid tobacco and alcohol use
- eat regular, healthy meals
- get regular exercise and adequate sleep
- learn to use relaxation techniques and
- take time out for fun
One or more of these will usually help. More often, we must learn ways to cope with preventing a tension headache.
Last Reviewed 2005
Disclaimer: This content is reviewed periodically and is subject to change as new health information becomes available. The information provided is intended to be informative and educational and is not a replacement for professional medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or treatment by a healthcare professional.
HIL File HEAD4634.RF2 VRS# 4634 Data Version 7.0 Copyright 1999, 2002 McKesson Health Solutions LLC. All rights reserved.
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For related information; see Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program, 319-384-5089
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