Sex Hormone Disorders In Women

A hormone is a substance made by one tissue and carried by the bloodstream to another tissue in which it exerts some effect. Sex hormones affect the growth and function of the reproductive organs. They also impact sexual behavior. The development of secondary sex characteristics, such as breasts in women and a deeper voice in men, is controlled by these hormones, as well.

The menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and lactation are directed by the female sex hormones. These are estrogen, progesterone, prolactin, LH, and FSH. The hormone levels fluctuate and are closely interrelated. Disorders may be due to an excess or deficiency of hormone, or the target tissue may be unable to respond to the hormone.

Common causes of hormonal disorders in women include:

• low body fat (less than 10 percent)

• ovarian cysts or tumors

• hormone supplements

• hereditary abnormalities or

• chronic diseases

Menstrual problems and infertility are the best known hormonal disorders in women. Other problems include:

• miscarriage

• thinning of the bones (osteoporosis)

• abnormal milk production

• changes in breast size, skin condition, and hairiness and

• rapid growth of benign and cancerous tumors

Female and male hormones can be increased by ovarian tumors, so different problems may result. If the female hormone, estrogen, is increased you may see:

• early development in a young girl of breasts and pubic hair

• a change in the menstrual period or

• bleeding in women who are menopausal

If a male hormone, such as testosterone, is increased, the woman will notice:

• growth of facial hair

• severe acne

• enlargement of the clitoris or

• changes in the menstrual period

Many female hormone problems are treatable. Be sure to consult your healthcare provider if you are having symptoms.

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