As the holidays approach, thoughts turn to holiday parties and consuming all the treats and drinks promoted during the season. It might be a good time to review what is known about alcohol consumption and cancer.
We know that there is a relationship of alcohol intake and developing cancer. Drinking alcohol increases the risk of the following cancers in men and women:
- Mouth and throat
- Voice box (larynx)
- Esophagus (food tube)
- Liver
- Breast cancer in women
We know that alcohol damages cells. It is the cell damage that causes cancer. Drinking alcohol can also deplete vitamin A and selenium, nutrients which may have a protective effect against cancer. Alcohol decreases the body's ability to fight off cancer by lowering the immune system. It irritates the lining of internal organs as well.
When does the cancer risk increase with alcohol intake? Excessive alcohol intake is considered more than 2 drinks per day in men and 1 drink per day for women. One drink equals:
- 12 ounces beer
- 5 ounces wine
- 1.5 ounces (1 shot) of 80 proof liquor
It can be confusing to people when they hear that drinking too much alcohol causes cancer yet drinking red wine is good for your heart. There have been studies that show drinking red wine can reduce the risk of heart attack. The American Heart Association does not recommend that people take up drinking red wine to prevent a heart attack. Their recommendation is to drink red wine in moderation, if the person already drinks alcohol.
In keeping with the holiday spirit, when you are at parties this year remember to:
- Eat a small snack before you go so you are not drinking alcohol on an empty stomach.
- Carbonated beverages mixed with alcohol cause the alcohol to be absorbed quicker, so sip this type of drink very slowly or avoid it all together.
- Drink a glass of water for each alcoholic drink consumed.
- Avoid salty snacks at a party. They will tend to make you thirsty and you may drink too fast or more than usual.
- Coffee won't sober you up. Quit drinking at least 90 minutes before the party ends.
For more information about any cancer concern, contact:
Cancer Information Service
Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
UI Hospitals and Clinics
200 Hawkins Drive, 4802 JPP
Iowa City, Iowa 52242
Toll-free: 1-800-237-1225
cancer-information@uiowa.edu
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