University of Iowa Health Science Relations and
Phyllis Stumbo, PhD
Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed
The holiday season often brings more than good cheer: It tempts
you with high-fat menus. If you want to eat well while still getting
your fill of Thanksgiving turkey, stuffing, and pumpkin pie, try the
"Five-a-Day Program."
"Under the Five-a-Day Program, you try to eat five servings of
fruits and vegetables each day," says Phyllis Stumbo, head research
dietitian at the University of Iowa College of Medicine Clinical
Research Center. "The program was developed by the National Cancer
Institute because eating fruits and vegetables appear to reduce the
risk of cancer."
Incorporating more fruits and vegetables into the Thanksgiving
meal may help you eat less of high-calorie foods such as meats and
desserts, Stumbo says, You can still serve traditional Thanksgiving
Day foods, but you can also offer five servings of fruits and
vegetables by including sweet potatoes, mashed potatoes, broccoli or
spinach, pumpkin pie, and hot apple cider on your menu.
Stumbo also offers a number of suggestions on how to prepare foods
so that they are low in added fats and sugars. First, bake sweet
potatoes rather than candy them, and make mashed potatoes with
low-fat milk and a minimum of butter or sour cream. Changing the way
you prepare the pumpkin pie can also greatly reduce dietary fat. "The
pumpkin in pumpkin pie is very nutritious, but the pie crust is the
highest source of fat of almost all desserts," Stumbo notes. "You can
really reduce the fat intake by serving pumpkin filling in custard
cups instead of in pastry shells." Another way to reduce the fat in
pumpkin pie is to use 2% milk instead of the canned evaporated milk
most recipes call for. That can reduce the fat content by two-thirds,
she says.
Hot apple cider, a traditional holiday drink, is a delicious fruit
beverage, Stumbo adds, but be sure you don't oversweeten it. Use a
minimal amount of brown sugar or serve it unsweetened. Apple juice is
not rich in vitamin A but the benefit from vitamin A from fruit and
vegetables in cancer prevention is in doubt because supplementation
with vitamin A in pill form was not affective. Therefore it is best
not to presume that any paricular component in fruits and vegetables
is the effective agent.
"One reason people aren't aware of the benefits of fruits and
vegetables is because they come without a label," Stumbo says, "We
all know that cereal is a good source of fiber because the cardboard
box has lots of room for printing that information." One goal of the
Five-a-Day Program is to make nutritional information on fruits and
vegetables available to consumers, she adds.
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