Expectorants vs cough suppressants

Many people are confused when they need to purchase a cough syrup. Should they purchase an expectorant or a suppressant? Knowing the difference between these two medications is important. Taking the wrong type of cough syrup can actually keep a person from getting better when ill.

Expectorants thin the mucus that blocks the air tubes leading to the lungs. This makes the mucus easier to cough up. This is very important for conditions that require the patient to cough up mucus. For example, for someone with pneumonia, coughing is helpful and should not be stopped because it clears the airway of mucus build-up. Expectorants make coughing up mucus easier and less irritating. This relieves chest congestion so breathing is easier. The main expectorant used is guaifenisin, available under many brand names. If the main problem is a wet sounding cough, do not use preparations that contain other drugs, such as anti- histamines, which dry up the mucus and counteract the expectorant's mucus-freeing action.

Cough suppressants simply lessen the urge to cough. They should NOT be used if the cough is wet sounding and produces mucus. However, if the cough is hacking and does not produce mucus, then a cough suppressant may be useful to minimize coughing, which in turn aids comfort and promotes sleeping better. The active ingredient in most cough suppressants is dextromethorphan, available under many brand names. Be sure to follow label instructions on cough suppressants to avoid over-use and possible side effects.

Expectorants and cough suppressants can be purchased without a prescription. To avoid dehydration, be sure to drink plenty of fluids while taking these medications.

Pregnant women should consult their healthcare provider before taking any over-the-counter medication. Other people, including those with medical conditions, are advised to read product labels carefully and consult a pharmacist if they have questions about use.

Last Reviewed 2005

Disclaimer: This content is reviewed periodically and is subject to change as new health information becomes available. The information provided is intended to be informative and educational and is not a replacement for professional medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or treatment by a healthcare professional.

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