Abdominal Cramps

Abdominal cramps are caused by involuntary muscle contractions that can be very painful. Cramps or pain may occur when any of the muscles in the abdomen or in the walls of the bowels are stretched or strained. Because many internal organs are located in this region, it is hard to know the exact cause of cramping without further investigation.

Cramps in the abdomen can occur from:

• food moving through the stomach and intestines

• mild food poisoning, that is usually accompanied by diarrhea

• stress and anxiety

• gastritis (an inflammation of the stomach lining)

• menstruation

• disease or infection in the uterus and

• pregnancy, childbirth, and changing hormone levels during breast-feeding

Symptoms such as rumbling and gurgling noises, belching, passing gas, nausea, or vomiting may be felt. Diarrhea or constipation may occur. Urinary problems or loss of hunger may also be present.

To relieve minor cramping, try acetaminophen or ibuprofen for menstrual cramps. Gastritis will usually respond to over-the-counter antacids or ulcer medications. Mild diarrhea may be treated with over-the-counter Imodium or Pepto Bismol. Be sure to replace lost fluids by drinking liquids. Stress-related cramps may respond to meditation or a warm bath.

More serious conditions, such as appendicitis or gall bladder attacks, will usually cause severe and constant cramping. If you have cramps that last more than one-half hour, and are not related to menstruation or a known digestive condition (such as colitis), call your healthcare provider.

Be prepared to report:

• how long the cramping has lasted

• the severity of the pain

• what area of the abdomen the pain is located and

• other associated symptoms such as flu-like symptoms, fever, diarrhea, vomiting, sweats, chest pain, or shortness of breath

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