Health Topics for Tests and Exams

Respiratory Care

Cellular Immunology Diagnostic Lab

Urine Analysis

Urine analysis screens for a variety of disorders. The tests check color and degree of cloudiness of the urine. They also detect and measure a variety of cells and substances in the urine. Examples are protein, sugar, liver products, and blood cells. Some of the findings relate to kidney or urinary tract disorders. Other findings help diagnose diseases of other organs.

The procedure is quite simple. There is usually no fluid or food restriction before the test. The patient collects a urine sample, either at home or at a medical clinic. If possible, the first urine in the morning is collected. The sample is sent to a lab for analysis.

Abnormal findings may indicate certain problems. For example, protein in the urine suggests kidney disease. Sugar often indicates diabetes. Certain substances indicate liver disease. A variety of problems cause bleeding in the urinary tract. White blood cells may indicate an infection in the urinary tract. Bacteria or yeast also indicate infection.

Some abnormal findings are not caused by only one disease. Combined with other symptoms and history, these findings help pinpoint diseases. The results also provide an early warning for certain diseases and a way to monitor other diseases.

Copyright (c) 1998. HBO & Company (602) 230-7575. All Rights Reserved.