Breast Disease: Fibrocystic

Fibrocystic breast disease is the most common type of breast disorder. 'Fibro' refers to thickening of the tissue, and 'cystic' refers to fluid filled sacs. Both of these conditions are caused by hormones acting on the glandular tissue of the breast. Sixty to 70 percent of women develop these changes by age 50. After menopause, the fibrocystic changes nearly disappear.

The main complaints of women with fibrocystic changes include:

• breasts that feel full, or heavy, with a range of dull, heavy pain, and tenderness

• breast tissue that feels lumpy, or has an irregular or bumpy texture

• nipple sensation changes, such as itching and

• premenstrual tenderness and swelling

These symptoms may range from mild to severe. They peak just before each menstrual period and improve right after the period ends.

To minimize the symptoms:

• reduce or exclude caffeine, as found in chocolate, tea, coffee, and cola

• limit your intake of salt

• follow a low-fat diet and

• eat a high fiber diet that includes many fruits and vegetables, beans and peas, raw seeds and nuts, and whole grains

Besides dietary changes, other things used to treat this problem include birth control pills, vitamin E, diuretics, and drugs like ibuprofen or naproxen. A good support bra also gives comfort.

Women who find a lump in a breast should seek medical testing. A mammogram may be needed to make sure there is not a more serious problem. A needle sample of your lump may reveal simple fluid. A larger sample or biopsy may be needed in some cases.

Fibrocystic changes do not cause cancer. Cancer lumps are often not tender nor move freely. Fibrocystic lumps can be tender to the touch and move freely. You may need help to perform regular breast self-exams. Contact your healthcare provider to learn how to perform a breast self-exam.

Another resource is the American Cancer Society. Contact the national organization at (800) 227-2345 or check with your local telephone book for the number of a local chapter located near you.

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