Endometrial Polyps

The lining of the womb changes in thickness with each period because of the female hormones. There can be areas that do not react to this normal cycle. These areas form thick knobs, called polyps, that continue to grow.

When polyps are small they do not cause trouble. As they grow bigger, they can push through the opening of the womb and cause bleeding and cramping. In some women, these polyps can make it difficult to get pregnant.

Polyps that appear during menopause may put the woman at risk. Some polyps are thought to turn gradually into cancer. Usually, postmenopausal bleeding caused by the polyps will warn women to seek care.

Tests to find the polyps include an exam of the female sex organs and an ultrasound, a test using sound waves to view the lining inside the womb. Another test, called a hysteroscopy, uses a small telescope to look inside the womb. This is used to find and remove the polyps for a closer exam under the microscope.

Once removed, the growths can grow again but it usually will be years later. Most polyps grow very slowly. Rarely is major surgery needed for polyps, unless they are found to be precancerous or cancerous.

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