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Dysmenorrhea

The term dysmenorrhea means pain with menstruation. The pain is usually dull or cramping and is felt in the lower abdomen or back. The cramps come in waves caused by uterine contractions. The pain may last only a few hours, one day, or for the entire period.

Cramping begins just before or at the onset of the menstrual flow. Other symptoms include nausea, vomiting, and frequent bowel movements with cramps. Dizziness, fainting, and paleness may also occur. About 10 percent of women have severe dysmenorrhea. These women may have partial or total disability during their periods.

Menstrual pain is caused by the release of a hormone called prostaglandin. The hormone is responsible for the normal functions of the uterus during menstruation. Other muscles in the body release this same hormone when injured.

Exercise does not increase a woman's risk for severe dysmenorrhea. In fact, exercise can reduce the discomforts caused by a woman's monthly period. Female athletes report less than normal pain with their periods. It is safe to exercise, train, and compete while having a period.

Over-the-counter drugs such as naproxen and ibuprofen can relieve menstrual pain. These drugs prevent the release of the hormone that causes the pain. Thanks to these drugs, women can exercise during their periods pain free.

Seek medical care if you have unusually heavy periods or if the pain and cramping of menstruation hinder your athletic training or daily tasks.

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